Continue of Tune control Progress

The above circuit was reconstruct since last time the circuit failed to run.

We connect this tune control circuit to external device which is our speaker. This time the speaker produce output. But there is some disturbance due to the circuit noise or the music itself. Problem come out again!!! We cannot use one speaker to control all the function available in our circuit which is bass, treble and balance. We just can use one function at the same time. So, we plan to redesign our new tone control circuit.

Above is the modified mp3 player which is used as our input devices.

Mixer

The component used to construct above mixer circuit is listed as below:

Components:
JRC4558 IC – 1
1MΩ Resistor – 4
470kΩ Resistor – 7
10k Resistor – 2
10µF Capacitor – 2
100µF Capacitor – 2

As u can see the circuit above, the IC used is LM353 and in our real circuit JRC4558 was used. This is due to the LM353 IC cannot buy in my area. So, we use JRC4558 IC which is available.

The above circuit is our project mixer which is used to mixed two input sound or audio. The input audio that we use are mp3 and microphone respectively.

The oscilloscope display the sinusoidal waveform of the input signal to our circuit. We use function generator as our input signal at 'Makmal Electronic Asas'. I set the function generator frequency to 500Hz. The waveform shows 2v peak to peak.

Oscilloscope control panel.

Unfortunately, the amplitude of the input signal was reduced to half. Thus, we need to troubleshoot our circuit in order to get desired output which is same as the input signal.

Oscilloscope channel 1 used to measure the output signal.

Tone Control

1. Combination of all three circuits which are bass, treble and balance.



2. Bass Circuit



3. Balance Circuit



4. Treble Circuit



Based on the above circuit, our S.C.U.K team has done the circuit at 'Makmal Electronics Asas'. Our group are divided two groups:

Group A
1. SAMSUNAR
2. DAYANG
3. SITI FATIMAH

GROUP B
1. YONG
2. CHEE KIONG

Group A are responsible to do the circuit and the hardware part while group B are doing the programming part and circuit interfacing. Even we divided to two groups, we also have help each other to do this project. When there is problems in Group A, Group B will help to solve the problems. If someone do not understand some part of the project, we discuss it.

When doing our project circuit we have failed many times in doing our bass, balance and treble circuit. While doing these project, we use Oscilloscope to check our circuit output which is the speaker output since we haven't interface the circuit with speaker. For the audio input, we use function generator as our input. For the first time testing, we use 12 dc voltage to activate our circuit, but this is not work to all the circuit above. After troubleshooting our circuit many times, we realize that 12v dc voltage is not suitable for our circuit. So, we change it to 9v dc voltage.

This time we are able to see the sinusoidal signal at the Oscilloscope display screen. Unfortunately, a problem comes again, this time the variable resistance malfunction. This mean that even we change resistance, the amplitude or frequency also did not change.

Thus, we are going to solve this problems as soon as possible.

Alternatively, we also have another circuit which is more simple but haven't get the IC yet. So, when the IC reach already, we are plan try to do this circuit after get the IC. Currently, the circuit above is anolog, so we also plan to do digital circuit if there is extra time for us to research, design and develop new circuit of our project.

AUDIO EFFECT MODULE

Introduction

Burglary is a phenomenon: thieves seem to discover each day new ways of violating our residential. There are so many people live each day with the fear that when they come back from work they might find their homes burglarized. Burglaries can cause emotional distress and trauma for months – even years – following the break-in. Thus, burglaries drive us to stressful environment.

We spend our hard earn money on expensive TV's, computers, cameras, electronic appliances etc… Yet all what we have worked so hard for could be gone in a matter of minutes. Returning home after a burglary has taken place in our home is one of the most terrifying and distressing experiences that could ever go through.

Fortunately, a lot of high-end home security systems available nowadays. This will greatly benefit for those who has good financial status. With the used of latest technologies, the chances of being burglarized will definitely been reduced. On the other hand, this will not be the case for medium and low class people.

Hence, our S.C.U.K group is responsible to come out with an affordable way to increase the residential security level.

Background

1. It is important to realize that there is no such thing as a burglar-proof home or a car that cannot be broken into and stolen. Or a lock that cannot be picked, drilled or bypassed. There is no security system that cannot be broached. If someone is dedicated enough, skilled enough and has the proper tools, he will get in, no matter what measures you take. So, what we can do is to find out other mean to minimize the chances for it to occur.

2. Criminal Charges - Believe it or not, it is entirely possible for you to be prosecuted for protecting your home. For instance, if your guard dog savages an attacker, or you shoot the invader with a gun, you can find yourself in court, on the wrong side of the defendant's bench. Modern laws and legal institutions have made traditional anti-theft methods more than problematic. However, with a professional security system, you can sleep soundly at night and never worry about facing criminal charges for the simple act of protecting your family.

• Although there have a lot of home security system available in the market, burglary still occurs. One of the reasons is the security system fail to show up its real role. For example, when the siren is set off, how many people will actually bother about it? Due to the ethic of people nowadays, survey show that only 10% of people will actually take action when neighbor siren is activated. Thus, the purposes of siren which use to draw attention of outsider fail to play its role in real life. Hence, intruder may just easily break into the house while the siren is ringing. Furthermore, security system that can contact the owner or police station once it has been activated doesn’t have much effect as the burglar can just finish their mission as quick as possible.

• In addition, survey has been done on resident in Indah Permai, 70% of the houses in Indah Permai are not equipped with any security system. Why? Reason is too expensive to have one.

Furthermore, through survey on UMS students, there are covered burglaries cases happened in their hostel. Interviewed – Yu Chuan, mechanical engineering, 1 of the victim of the burglary occur last year in hostel Indah Permai being interviewed by our team on how his belonging being stolen. According to what he said, 2 mobile phones, 1 laptop and some cash have been stolen when he was bathing. Another victim of UMS student living in Kampung AB also being burglarized as he went to next door while keeping the door unlocked.

3.How to prevent break-ins:

• Fool them by making your home look occupied all the time.

• Use automatic timers on lights when away from home.

• Place radios on automatic timers and raise the volume so they can be heard outside.

• Lower the sound of your telephone ringer and answering machine so that they can't be heard outside.

In short, by making the house looks occupied every time actually can fool the burglar that people is inside the room or even confuse them. Through survey, most frequently activities people do every day when they are in their house is listening to music and watching television.

So, with a device that can automatically generate sound like playing music will increase the residential security indirectly. Furthermore, prevent burglar from entering the house is better than taking action only when have been broken-in as what the current security system do. Current security system only activated the siren when the burglar breaks in. Furthermore according to report, burglar can accomplish his mission in few minutes, so some area especially rural area where police station is far from the area is hard for them to reach the scene in short period. In addition, due to the ethic of people nowadays, survey show that only 10% of people will actually take action when neighbor siren is activated. So, even thought with the use of high-end technology, some of it objective failed to achieve.

In addition, test has been carried out on people in Indah Permai. Result showed that 80% of people unable to guess correctly whether room is occupied or not when the sound is heard.

Furthermore, Human auditory is very sensitive to change in signal level. People nowadays always listening to music, so by alerting the User for any potential break-ins through the medium they always expose to will be much more effective. For example, when you have familiar with this song, a small change in the tone will actually draw a big attention.

So, by designing an audio module which not only will be used as another entertainment gadget, but also provide a mean to prevent burglary is proposed.

AIM

The aim of this project is to develop an affordable yet efficient device use to increase the residential security level. What make this design different is the ability to increase the security level by physiologically fool the intruder that the house in occupied. Thus, it add additional defense for burglary prevention.

Expandability

This project is expandable and can be one of the new features and concept implement in current burglar home security system to improve the security level.

Objective

The main objective of developing this project is to build a device that not only will use as audio module for entertainment, but also use as a mean to minimize the chances of being burglarized by playing music and add in several of effects into the background music as to make an unoccupied house look like occupied all the day.

Besides, the design product is aimed to be marketable. The device should be useful, have good sound quality and durable.

Furthermore, the quality of the projected audio is also one of the objectives to be achieved. This is very crucial since the quality of audio determine how successful our device is.
Safety is also another objectives we are trying to achieve. The device shall safe to be used. The material used must be insulator and water resistance. The power consumption should be less so that the device will not heat up so fast.

Design Constraint

To avoid any interference to our device, the material used must make of insulator. Furthermore, for convenience purpose, the design must be small and light. Since it is electronic devices, material use also must be water resistance. The sensor should not too obvious.

1. It must be make of insulator
2. It must be small
3. It must be made of water resistance material
4. It must have not trap heat
5. Sensors must be small

Function

A. Stand alone audio module

1. Play music player
2. Tone controlling
3. Adjust Volume
4. Projecting processed audio
5. ADC and DAC

B. With the use of sensor and siren

1. Acknowledge user when sensor triggered
2. Add in audio effect to background sound

Design Specification

1. Power Requirements +/- 12 Vdc max, +/- 0.3 Amp max
2. Detectable range 4m max
3. Output audio +15 dBm maximum
4. Noise Less than -60 dBmC
5. Tone control Max ±15 dB typical
6. Available headset port
7. Support mp3 file
8. Minimum 2 inputs for sensors

Methodology

Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) is used to make sure all the suggested functions meet objective. Figure 2 below show the FAST diagram used in our design.

Conceptual Design

Just alone, it will works as an audio module to obtain preferable tone. Since majority of people nowadays enjoy listening to music, it will be useful and appreciated with the tone control function.

When using with sensors and sirens, it can work as security system. It is use to increase the residential security by projecting music to make an unoccupied house look like occupied at the same time acknowledge user that someone is approaching the supervised area. Several effects add into the background music to make it more real. This can indirectly reduce the chances of being burglarized. For room renter, it’ll be a good gadget to them since it’s adequate to protect them from being burglarized.

Of course, if current security system and this device works together, the residential security level with no doubt will be increased.

Proposed Design Solution (Audio module)

The audio module that we going to develop is a plug-and-play stands alone module which comes with 3 band tone control with audio input and output being mounted on the module.


The device comes in 2 modes, normal mode and security mode. In normal mode operation, User can adjust their desire tone of the music he’s listening to. Input to the device can be MP3 player, Ipod player and laptop which come with headset input.

In security mode, music will be played randomly when sensor which monitoring outside the house is triggered. Different sound effect like glass breaking, door sliding, moving chair etc will be added into the background when the intruder comes nearer. When break in, siren will be turned ON.
For room renter, this device is adequate to increase the security in the room as being tested by our team where nearly 90% of people will though someone is inside the room when sound coming out from the room. This will minimize the chances of being burglarized.


1.Power Supply - The power supply unit is providing separated regulated supply voltages for the digital sections and the analog sections.
2.Microcontroller - The microcontroller we use is PIC 16F877A. This modal is chosen due to it fast response time, build in eeprom, build in timer and low cost. PIC is used in controlling the output effect to be added in as the intruder come nearer. It also use as HMI and control the operation of the device.
3.Sensor – able to differentiate object distances. Suggested Car reverse sensor
4.Prototype - The material use for our prototype should be insulater, water resistance, and will not trap heat (Heat sink may use).
5.Input Audio Source – Headset port
6.Output Audio – external speaker, minimum 12W, 100Hz – 20kHz
7.Tone control Unit – 3 bands filter circuit. Digital control.

Design Testing

Circuit testing is handled by an appropriate test set. The test set shall be capable of measuring the frequency response of the circuit and providing a data file which is used to compute the optimum equalizer settings using control software.

Transmission delay communications test sets are used for installation and maintenance of simulcast systems. They measure the parameters needed to set the equalizer and quantify transmission quality. Measurements shall include: Loss, Amplitude / Delay Response, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Noise, Impulse Noise, and Transmission Delay.

Project Management

The project management plan is shows in Gantt Chart in table 3 below. Most of the activity we do it in Mega-lab, finding the information and the circuits. Discussion is held in SKTM foyer or tutorial room every Thursday, 2pm.

Budget

The listed cost of the component used was not finalizes. This is just an estimation price for this project.


Reference

1. http://www.nononsenseselfdefense.com/burglary.html
2. http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Laura_Williamson
3. http://ezinearticles.com/?Getting-a-Home-Security-Alarm-System&id=812258
4. http://books.google.com.my/books
5. http://www.legal-explanations.com/definitions/burglary.htm
6. S.F. Love, "Planning and Creating Successful Engineering Designs", Advanced Professional Development Incorporated, North Hollywood, Ca., 1986.
7. V. Hubka, " Principles of Engineering Design ", ( translated by W.E. Eder ), Butterworth Scientific, London, 1980.
8. G. Pahl and W. Beitz, "Engineering Design", (translated by K. Wallace), The Design Council and Springer-Verlag, London, 1984.
9. J.K. Fowlkes, W.F. Ruggles, J.D. Groothuis, "Advanced Fast Diagraming", Proceedings of the SAVE Conference, 1972
10. 5. Miles L.D., "Techniques of Value Analysis and Engineering", McGraw-Hill, New York, 1972.
11. http://www.nxp.com/acrobat_download/datasheets/TDA1524A_CNV_2.pdf
12. http://images.google.com.my/imgres?imgurl=http://dspdap.sourceforge.net/img/block-diagram.png&imgrefurl=http://dspdap.sourceforge.net/